Week - III PP

 

WEEK- III PP 

1. Write a program to create tuples (name, age, address, college) for at least two members and concatenate the tuples and print the concatenated tuples.

 

CODE:

Method I: (Simple tuple concatenation using +)

# Program to create tuples and concatenate them

 

# Creating tuples for two members

member1 = ("John", 21, "Hyderabad", "OU")

member2 = ("Rohit", 22, "Delhi", "DU")

 

# Concatenating the tuples

concatenated = member1 + member2

 

# Printing the concatenated tuple

print("Concatenated Tuple:", concatenated)

 

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

Method II: (Using tuple() and list conversion)

 

member1 = ("Richard", 21, "Hyderabad", "OU")

member2 = ("Rohit", 22, "Delhi", "DU")

 

concatenated = tuple(list(member1) + list(member2))

print("Concatenated Tuple:", concatenated)

 

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 

  

2. Write a program to count the number of vowels in a string (No control flow allowed).

 

CODE:

Method I :( Using count ())

# Program to count vowels in a string (no control flow)

 

s = "Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one"

vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"

 

# Count vowels by summing occurrences of each vowel

count = sum(s.count(v) for v in vowels)

 

print("Number of vowels:", count)

 

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 

Method II: (Using filter () and len())

# Program to count vowels in a string (no control flow)

 

s = "Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one"

vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"

 

# Filter vowels and count them

count = len(list(filter(lambda ch: ch in vowels, s)))

 

print("Number of vowels:", count)

  

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 

3. Write a program to check if a given key exists in a dictionary or not.

CODE:

Method I (Using in operator)

# Program to check if a given key exists in a dictionary

my_dict = {"name": "Richard", "age": 21, "college": "OU"}

key = "age"

if key in my_dict:

    print(f"Key '{key}' exists in the dictionary")

else:

    print(f"Key '{key}' does not exist in the dictionary")

 

 

Method II-(Using get () method)

 

# Program to check if a given key exists in a dictionary

my_dict = {"name": "Alxa", "age": 21, "college": "OU"}

key = "address"

if my_dict.get(key) is not None:

    print(f"Key '{key}' exists in the dictionary")

else:

   

print(f"Key '{key}' does not exist in the dictionary") 

 

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 

4. Write a program to add a new key-value pair to an existing dictionary.

 

CODE:

Method I: (Direct Assignment)

# Program to add a new key-value pair to a dictionary

my_dict = {"name": "kevin", "age": 21}

 

# Adding a new key-value pair

my_dict["college"] = "OU"

print("Updated Dictionary:", my_dict)

 

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

Method II: (Using update() Method)

# Program to add a new key-value pair to a dictionary

my_dict = {"name": "Richard", "age": 22}

 

# Adding a new key-value pair

my_dict.update({"college": "DU"})

print("Updated Dictionary:", my_dict)

 

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

  

 

5. Write a program to sum all the items in a given dictionary.

CODE:

Method I: (Using sum() and values())

 

# Program to sum all values in a dictionary

my_dict = {"a": 100, "b": 200, "c": 300}

total = sum(my_dict.values())

print("Sum of dictionary values:", total)

 

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 

Method II: (Using Loop)

# Program to sum all values in a dictionary

my_dict = {"x": 100, "y": 500, "z": 700}

total = 0

for value in my_dict.values():

    total += value

print("Sum of dictionary values:", total)

 

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏-----------------------------  

 

***************************************

 

Installing Anaconda Python Distribution and Using Jupyter Notebook

 

Installing Anaconda Python Distribution and Using Jupyter Notebook

 

Installing Anaconda is one of the easiest ways to start programming in Python because it comes with Python, Jupyter Notebook, Spyder, and many useful libraries already installed.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Steps

1. Open your web browser.
2. Visit the official Anaconda website:
• https://www.anaconda.com/download
3. Choose your operating system:
• Windows
• macOS
• Linux
4. Download the latest 64-bit installer (recommended).

 

 

 

 

 

 

Installation Steps

1. Open the downloaded installer

Double-click the downloaded Anaconda installer (.exe).

 

2. Welcome Screen

Click Next.

 

3. License Agreement

Read the license agreement and click I Agree.

 

4. Select Installation Type

Choose:

• Just Me (Recommended) ✔
• All Users (requires administrator permission)

Click Next.

 

5. Choose Installation Location

Example:

C:\Users\YourName\Anaconda3

Click Next.

6. Advanced Options

Recommended:

• ❌ Don't check Add Anaconda to my PATH
• ✔ Check Register Anaconda as my default Python

Click Install.

 

7. Installation

Wait for installation to complete.

Click Finish.

Step 3: Verify Installation

Open Anaconda Prompt.

Type:

python --version

Example Output

Python 3.x.x

Now check Anaconda:

conda --version

Example

conda 24.x.x

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Method 1 (Recommended)

1. Open Start Menu
2. Open Anaconda Navigator
3. Click Launch under Jupyter Notebook

 

Method 2

Open Anaconda Prompt

Type

jupyter notebook

Press Enter.

A web browser automatically opens.

 

Jupyter Notebook Interface

The notebook contains:

Component	Purpose
Menu Bar	File, Edit, View, etc.
Toolbar	Save, Run, Stop
Cells	Write code or text
Kernel	Executes Python code

 

Creating Your First Notebook

1. Click New
2. Select Python 3

A new notebook opens.

Rename it:

Python Basics

 

Writing Your First Python Program

Type in the first cell:

print("Hello World")

Run the cell by:

• Clicking Run
• OR pressing Shift + Enter

Output

Hello World

 

Saving the Notebook

Click

File → Save and Checkpoint

OR

Press

Ctrl + S

The notebook is saved with the extension:

.ipynb

 

Important Keyboard Shortcuts

Shortcut	Function
Shift + Enter	Run current cell
Ctrl + Enter	Run current cell without moving
A	Insert a cell above
B	Insert a cell below
DD	Delete current cell
M	Convert cell to Markdown
Y	Convert cell to Code
Ctrl + S	Save notebook

 

 

 

 

 

Week - II PP

 WEEK- II PP

1) Write a program to define a function with multiple return values

Return values using comma

 

CODE:

def name():

    return "Richard","Kewin"

# print the tuple with the returned values

print(name())

# get the individual items

name_1, name_2 = name()

print(name_1, name_2)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

Using a dictionary

CODE:

def name():

    n1 = "Richard"

    n2 = "Kelwin"

    return {1:n1, 2:n2}

names = name()

print(names)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 

2) Write a program to define a function using default arguments

Python Function Arguments:

 

CODE:

def add_numbers(a, b):

    sum = a + b

    print('Sum:', sum)

 

add_numbers(2, 3)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

Function Argument with Default Values:

 

CODE:

def add_numbers( a = 7,  b = 8):

    sum = a + b

    print('Sum:', sum)

# function call with two arguments

add_numbers(2, 3)

#  function call with one argument

add_numbers(a = 2)

# function call with no arguments

add_numbers()

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

Exp: Here, we have provided default values 7 and 8 for parameters a and b respectively. Here's how this program works

1. add_numbers(2, 3)

Both values are passed during the function call. Hence, these values are used instead of the default values.

2. add_numbers(2)

Only one value is passed during the function call. So, according to the positional argument 2 is assigned to argument a, and the default value is used for parameter b.

3. add_numbers()

No value is passed during the function call. Hence, default value is used for both parameters a and b.

Python Keyword Argument:

 

CODE:

def display_info(first_name, last_name):

    print('First Name:', first_name)

    print('Last Name:', last_name)

display_info(last_name = 'leo', first_name = 'joy')

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

Exp: Hence, first_name in the function call is assigned to first_name in the function definition. Similarly, last_name in the function call is assigned to last_name in the function definition.

In such scenarios, the position of arguments doesn't matter.

  

 

3)  Write a program to find the length of a string without using the library function in python

CODE:

my_string = "Hi students"

print("The string is :")

print(my_string)

my_count=0

for i in my_string:

    my_count=my_count+1

print("The length of the string is ")

print(my_count)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 

4) Write a program to check if the substring is present in a given string or not

 

Check Python Substring in String using the If-Else

CODE:

 

# Take input from users

my_string = "I am a good student and i will execute all the programs in python"

 

if "I am A " in my_string:

    print("Yes! it is present in the string")

else:

    print("No! it is not present")

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

Check Python Substring in String using Find() method

CODE:

 

def check(string, sub_str):

    if (string.find(sub_str) == -1):

        print("NO")

    else:

        print("YES")

 

 

# driver code

string = "Be a good student"

sub_str = "of"

check(string, sub_str)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 5) write a program to perform the given operations on a list a) Addition   b) Insertion c) slicing 

a)     Addition : Using the "+" Operator

CODE:

a = 15

b = 12

 

# Adding two numbers

res = a + b

print(res)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

           Using user input

CODE:

# taking user input

a = input("First number: ")

b = input("Second number: ")

 

# converting input to float and adding

res = float(a) + float(b)

 

print(res)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

          Using Function

 

CODE:

# creating a list

fruit = ["banana","cherry","mango","grape"]

fruit.insert(1,"kiwi")

print(fruit)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

# function to add two numbers

def add(a, b):

    return a + b

 

# initializing numbers

a = 10

b = 5

 

# calling function

res = add(a,b)

 

print(res)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 

  

b)     Insertion: Python List insert() method inserts an item at a specific index in a list.

CODE:

 

list1 = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ] 

 

# insert 10 at 4th index 

list1.insert(4, 10) 

print(list1)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 

Insertion in a List Before any Element:

 

CODE:

# Python3 program for Insertion in a list  

# before any element using insert() method

 

list1 = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ]

 

# Element to be inserted

element = 13

 

# Element to be inserted before 3

beforeElement = 3

 

# Find index

index = list1.index(beforeElement)

 

# Insert element at beforeElement

list1.insert(index, element)

print(list1)

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

c)     Slicing: Retrieve All Characters

 

CODE:

 

s = "Hello, Students hope all are fine"

 

# Get the entire string

s2 = s[:]

s3 = s[::]

s4 = s [:]

 

print(s2)

print(s3)

print(s4)

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

Get All Characters Before or After a Specific Position:

CODE:

s = "Hello, Students hope all are fine"

# Characters from index 7 to the end

print(s[6:])

 

# Characters from the start up to index 5 (exclusive)

print(s[:5])

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

 6) Write a program to perform any 5 built-in functions in python

 

Demonstrating 5 simple built-in functions:

CODE:

# 1. len() - returns the length of an object

my_list = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

print("Length of the list:", len(my_list))

 

# 2. sum() - sums the items of an iterable

print("Sum of the list elements:", sum(my_list))

 

# 3. max() - returns the largest item in an iterable

print("Maximum element in the list:", max(my_list))

 

# 4. min() - returns the smallest item in an iterable

print("Minimum element in the list:", min(my_list))

 

# 5. abs() - returns the absolute value of a number

negative_number = -100

print("Absolute value of -100:", abs(negative_number))

 

 

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏----------------------------- 

 

Demonstrating 5 more built-in functions:

# 1. enumerate() - adds a counter to an iterable

my_list = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']

print("Using enumerate():")

for index, value in enumerate(my_list):

    print(f"Index: {index}, Value: {value}")

 

# 2. zip() - combines multiple iterables

list1 = [1, 2, 3]

list2 = ['a', 'b', 'c']

print("\nUsing zip():")

for item1, item2 in zip(list1, list2):

    print(item1, item2)

 

# 3. map() - applies a function to all items in an input list

def square(x):

    return x * x

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

squared_numbers = list(map(square, numbers))

print("\nUsing map():", squared_numbers)

 

# 4. filter() - constructs an iterator from elements of an iterable for which a function returns true

def is_even(x):

    return x % 2 == 0

even_numbers = list(filter(is_even, numbers))

print("Using filter():", even_numbers)

 

# 5. reduce() - applies a function of two arguments cumulatively to the items of a sequence (requires import)

from functools import reduce

def add(x, y):

    return x + y

sum_of_numbers = reduce(add, numbers)

print("Using reduce():", sum_of_numbers)

 

 

OUTPUT:-

OUTPUT: ----------------------------- Try on your own👏-----------------------------